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The use of earthquake motion indices, which have been used to evaluate earthquake damage, is proposed in order to improve the evaluation of accuracy of the seismic response analysis of ground. The effective stress analysis shows the best simulation, but other methods are also good depending on the index. It is shown that the proposed method is useful to see the error or accuracy from various points of view. The results clearly indicate that the compatible strain ranges for equivalent linear and total stress truly nonlinear analyses depend on the purpose of analysis.
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This paper reports and examines the coordination activity of international urban search and rescue teams, which were deployed to the Nepal earthquake in April 2015. The revised INSARAG Guidelines, which include new methodologies such as sectorisation and marking, was endorsed just before the earthquake in Nepal, and this paper will look at how these methodologies were applied in response to the Nepal earthquake based on the authors’ experience in the field. Through the discussion, this paper considers “Disaster Literacy” that international USAR experts should have.
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This paper aims at determining who is most vulnerable in disasters such as an attack by an inland or oceanic earthquake. We found two major patterns (types U and J, represented by English capital letters) when we introduced two-dimensional coordinates having the X axis as the age group and the Y axis as age-specific mortality. We also found two additional patterns of age independence: an initial case with the lowest mortality near zero, and a case with extremely high mortality.
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The 2011 Tohoku Earthquake exceeded the maximum magnitude of historical earthquakes. After the earthquake, new methods and models for scenario tsunamis have been proposed. We applied one of them to the inter-plate earthquake tsunamis along the Chishima-Japan Trench, and showed the effects of treating uncertainties in the scenario tsunamis on the probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment by comparing the results with those using the conventional model based on the maximum magnitude of historical earthquake tsunami.
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On June 5, 2014, a full-scale shaking table test of Indonesian masonry houses was filmed using eight full high-definition (HD) movie cameras. From each of these eight cameras, 399 video frames (i.e., a total of 11,575 video frames per camera) were captured from the beginning of the shaking test to the collapse of the building at the 4th shaking test. This raw dataset was then processed by Structure from Motion (SfM) software to construct a three-dimensional model, with the behavior of the model observable in chronological order from arbitrary viewpoints. In our study, we found that the SfM processing results were affected by the quality and number of images used for processing, although we show that SfM is a powerful tool for observing the dynamic behavior of the entire surface of a model for shaking table tests.
